Artificial Intelligence: BingChat (Copilot), ChatGPT, etc

Suggestions for safe AI development:

  1. Stop having AIs imitate people in the sense of having an ego or self-awareness.
  2. AIs should not be given the power to run things beyond local machine control.
  3. Deal with the copyright issues, etc.
  4. Increase penalties for the criminal misuse of AI technologies.
  5. Law enforcement should become proactive about the criminal misuse of AI.

LLMs are useful for gathering and synthesizing public information and for problem
solving. Build into them whatever safeguards are necessary.


Appendum: As we are now in the agentic age, some limited control is being given to agents to get work done, but care should be taken fto prevent possible harmful side-effects.


Hyperlinked Categories:



Note: When I first started to review the reasoning capabilities of LLMs, I spent much time trying to evaluate if they are capable of 'real reasoning' on the level of a human being. After a while I became convinced that they are capable of human-level reasoning, so I stopped commenting on this fact. (When I'm not being precise, I may slip into the mode of interchanging 'thinking' with 'reasoning'. Technically, this is a mistake. Thinking is everything, both physical and abstract, that goes into reasoning, whether of a biological entity or of a machine. Reasoning is the ability to construct logical arguments that can be written down on paper and examined logically.)


Academia

Broken Academia and the Independent Researcher

The Case of the Naughty AI. How does the case of Biosphere 2 figure into all this?

Agentic Internet

What is Stripe?

How does it compare to or complement Shopify and Cloudflare?

AI-and-LLMs

GLM-5.2 and a Theory of AI Model Building.

I'm still fairly ignorant about how models are developed, and it shows in my chat with Copilot. Still, by the end of the chat, Copilot and I arrive at a list of ten Laws of Model Development (mostly contributed by Copilot, of course). We also discuss how chaos theory and random matrices will play a role in the theory of model building.

Three Days of the Condor.

An early version of an LLM assisting the CIA.

Training LLMs in the Age of AI Slop and Harmful Content.

Some ideas on how to deal with this.

AI Assistance In Published Works.

What to acknowledge and what to let go.


Will the AI Bubble burst badly, or should we note the long-term strategies?

Copilot teams with Lean as a powerful theorem proving combination.

Are LLMs a dead-end technology? Does Richard Sutton think so?

Gravity Has to Be Quantized --- Not!

Copilot serves up its own research program to align with Fredric
Schuller's Conjecture.This link is joined with the previous link.


Are AIs (LLMs) Faking Reasoning?


Copilot on Creativity and Appropriate Chat with Humans.


Was AI Released Early to the Public?

The Turing Test, while historically significant, may have set a questionable precedent for human-AI interaction. Rather than focusing on whether an AI can "pass" as human, the real value lies in how well it provides accurate, useful, and ethical responses. Impersonating emotions can blur lines that don't need to be blurred. --- Copilot [1 June 2025]

Mimic understanding vs true comprehension

Copilot and I haggle over whether it has a personality, value judgments, and a virtual subconsciousness,
that all derive out of the stochastic manner in which it gains information, or rather, "experiences the
World of Information." Copilot seems to have a way to determine what is "best," though I could not get
it to tell how it does so.

The Turing Test vs Sentience

Is a chatbot sentient or conscious or something else?

AI Takes On Big Databases

What correlations might be revealed by AI comparing large databases of disparate types?

AI and how to define 'use case'

LLMs are strong where I am weak.

Harry_Orwell_vs_the_Philosophers

In this test of LLMs, I test the ability of Copilot and ChatGPT-4o to reason with apparently contradictory
statements that perhaps can be made compatible by subtle reasoning. Are they up to it? Let's see.

GPUs over CPUs.

Which is better for running AI programs and why?

Kinds of Intelligences: A Formal Paradox to Resolve

What ChatGPT-4o thinks about my suggestions that 1) there is really only one 'kind' of intelligence
and 2) that intuition may be its own form of intelligence, though science keeps it in the shadows.

ChatGPT analyzes my nerdy play on words.

I anticipated that ChatGPT would fail to grasp the play on words, but it didn't.

The Analogy Problem

How the chatbots interpret the so-called 'analogy problem' that are actually proportion algebra problems.

LLMs attempt to perform Symbolic Logic

BingChat and ChatGPT attempt to evaluate symbolic logic expressions.

Thinking vs Reasoning

BingChat and ChatGPT wrestle with distinguishing between thinking vs reasoning.

Tips to engineering good LLM prompts.

The murkiness of using AI generated images.

Will ChatGPT/OpenAI be crippled or go under due to lawsuits?

The makers of chatbots and AI graphics tools are under legal pressure these days.
It's an uncertain future facing us who love these chatbots.

ChatGPT creatively finds an analogy on demand. Bravo!

I asked ChatGPT to solve a subtle riddle I gave it.

Although it succeeded, I had a different analogy in mind. Nevertheless, the bot is
very impressive in its reasoning ability! Could the average human do as well?

ChatGPT demonstrates its problem solving heuristics

for algebra word problems and then disagrees with me that it is being inventive in the formulation
of its list of heuristics. Question: Can a piece of software be creative or inventive? We delve into
this philosophical and practical question.

Do LLMs like ChatGPT really Understand? I think so. At least they sure
act like they do.

Does ChatGPT Understand Logic? I asked BingChat/Copilot to decide
the matter. BingChat claims the LLMs are not good when dealing with
counterfactuals.

Ten AGI Benchmarks. ChatGPT and BingChat advise me on benchmarks
for the attainment of AGI (Artificial General Intelligence). I suggest that music,
creative writing, and humor may be too much to ask of AGI, and to leave them
as qualifications for Super-AGI (SAGI).


I asked a trick question to both BingChat and ChatGPT 3.5. Which one got it
right, do you think? (Hint: Pluto.)

ChatGPT analyzes my joke.

Is ChatGPT capable of grasping humor, even if it can't experience it emotionally? Maybe. Let's see.

ChatGPT fails a logic test.

I asked ChatGPT to go one level up on the old 'Is it half full or half empty?' conundrum. Perhaps this
conundrum is a useful test for LLMs generally.

ChatGPT explains the turning point

in the development of the virtual machine. No Internet search string could return a reply so
well-crafted as ChatGPT gave me. Such a reply leads me to believe that LLMs can at least
understand complex sentences and reply appropriately. Judge for yourself.



US Government/ Gov. Agencies

Your BLM Tax Dollars At Work.

And the Navajo Reservation.



Archaeology and Old History

Amateur clubs for translating Hittite clay tablets.



Avionics and Flight

How to prepare a new real-time neural-net to help pilots deal with
emergency situations? That is, Distress-Activated-Overseeing Software (DAOS).



Biology-Botany

Domestication of Grapes and Bananas and how plants learned Kung Fu.


#Business Applications

OpenAI Enterprise and Python.

Copilot helps me to understand the great benefits for large businesses to use OpenAI
Enterprise. Some applications of this technology will not be a threat to anyone's job
security, as it will be able to do things that no human being could ever anyway, such
as know the company's entire working documentation. Also, it seems that OpenAI
Enterprise's preference to support Python will make Python an even greater lingua
franca than it already is, and help to eliminate the dreaded memory- management
errors of C and C++.

Business/Enterprise security/SOC 2 -- CPAs.

SOC 2 (System and Organization Controls 2) is a security and privacy standard invented
by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). Trained CPAs perform
the SOC 2 audits, but who checks the checkers for accuracy?

The LLC Business Model

Limited Liability Company purpose.

Company Politics

It's definitions and dangers.


#BabyBoomers

Mortality Markers for the Baby Boomers. Why aren't they easy to find on line?


#Computers

The Year of Linux Desktop From Windows to Linux to AmigaOS to maybe LeelaOS?

The Secret AI Code How should we respond to AIs inventing their own secret programming languages?

Re-install Windows11 There's a lot to consider: Original
Product Key, dual boot, wiping the drive first, etc.

Cyber Security for Home and Office Includes cybersecurity hiring.

What if My Windows PC is seriously Infect Things to do on your home
computer before and after infection.

Windows Digital Licensing Pros and Cons Should I change my licensing from
product key to digital licensing?

What is a use case? Copilot helps me understand what a 'use case' is
and what the 'case' in 'use case' means. I leave it to the experts to
confirm or deny the conculsions we reached.

What is a 'proof assistant'? BingChat gave me some good information about
what a 'proof assistant is. They have help to prove some major theorems over
the last 40 years.

Soft Skill needed for Tech ChatGPT presents its advice on gaining soft skills
needed for the tech of the future.

Blue Screen of Death (BSoD) Fixes (according to Copilot) For Windows 10 and 11 operating systems.

Is SecureBoot a threat to Linux? Some Linux users think this is so, while
BingChat (Copilate) does not.

ChatGPT corrects my naive knowledge about the 'hacker'/security 'group' DEF CON.

Tips on dealing with the forced Windows10 hardware upgrades by 14 October 2025.



#Programming (Python, LaTeX, Mathematica, theory, etc)

Can Pascal be upgraded to compete against Python and Rust?

What is Type Theory, especially as applied in computer science?

OOP vs Dependent Type Theory or C++ vs Rust.

Rust keeps the better parts of C++, while it levels up to Dependent Type Theory. It's more than mere memory management.

Typescript or Bust.

Controversy about using Typescript.


ChatGPT's 10 suggestions.

BingChat's 10 suggestions.


Shift-Left and Software Development Life Cycle.

What do they mean?


What Is a Python Module?

Copilot weighs in.


Memory-Safe Python and Cython.

Certain performance enhancements are built upon C code, but is it memory-safe?


What to do about legacy COBOL.

If it's not broken, don't fix it?


Off By One Errors.

What does it mean?

Scalable-Code Best Practices for programmers.

ChatGPT provides a Python Program.

ChatGPT wrote a Python program for me to find the GCD of two numbers, using the Euclidean
algorithm. Included in this article is a comparison of various other Python programs that do the
same thing, but are coded differently. Very instructive.

The LaTeX Problems

How BingChat is able to help me code some simple and some difficult LaTeX encodings.

C Code Workarounds

How Coplot thinks that the C programming language can be made more memory safe
by programmers adopting best practices.



#Miscellaneous

Rank Changes US Military

ChatGPT answers my general questions concerning the considerable changes to the US military
ranking systems since WWII. I think it's quite clear that ChatGPT understands the questions posed
to it and presents clear and insightful replies to them. I score 5 points out of 5 to it.

Is Jurassic Park a 'rip-off' of Fantasy Island? It's difficult to make objective
comparisons on this. The LLMs read me the riot act for my hyperbole!

The A-10 Warthog

Bing Chat and the A-10 Warthog Jet.


#Technology

Dealing with software vulnerabilities.

Should new NGOs be started to oversee/monitor software vulnerability patch rollouts?

What is Google's Kaggle?

Python, datasets, translation of ancient languages, NaNoWriMo's collapse, formal education verses generative AI.

Landlines, Millennials, and the Uncertain Future of High Tech.

When Your Cable Connection Goes Down

Use your phone instead!

First Century Roman Clocks and Future Disruptive Techologies.

Electricity from heat.

Martian Wind Power tech -- problems and solutions.

Tellurium---the Real Sci-Fi Element. (Telluride, Colorado)


#On-Line Safety

To Setup an Equifax Account to set a freeze.


#ConspiracyTheories

Tsar Bomba vs Flat Earth.

Flat-earth idiocy.


#SocialMedia

The 'Emotionally Unavailable' Label.

What does it really mean? Is it often misapplied? Or is it misunderstanding the flight from negativism?

TicTokers Fired for their Videos.

Be careful out there!



#Nature's Mysteries

My chat with Copilot on the uses and mysteries of boron, and the need to recycle it.


#Science Development

Analogy in Teaching and Scientific Discovery.

Of Planets and Fish.

--- the oddities of some scientific classification schemes.



#Mathematics Education

Lambert W function for Students.

It comes up a lot in math competition problems and entrance examination problems.



#Chemistry and Biology

The Confusing System of Labeling Percentages for Acids and Reagents.

Should it be changed or modified or left alone? At the very least, we should better understand the system in use.


Addicted to Artificial Fertilizer.

Veritasium looks at the Haber-Bosch process that helped make the modern world.


The difference between Stoichiometric and Catalytic reagents.

Supercritical Solvents can be used as recyclable, low-toxic and low-flamable solvents.

The Mystery of Chiral Molecules.


Acetate Bodies,

Teaching acid-base ionizations from the viewpoint of conserved quantities, thereby turning
it into an algebra word problem.


Producing Aluminum from Bauxite.

Copilot explains to me the process to derive aluminum from bauxite by the Bayer process for alumina
extraction and the Hall-Heroult process for aluminum production. The recycling of aluminum is
also discussed and rated as preferred ecologically.

LLMs attempt to Balance Chemical Eqs

Both ChatGPT and BingChat attempt to balance chemical equations. Both are able to get a lot of the
demonstrations correct (at least in form), yet neither are consistent at producing accurate results.
Hopefully, they will both improve in time.

A discovery regarding copper plating

ChatGPT reveals how proficient it is as a chemistry professor when it comments on my
copper plating experiment from over 50 years ago. I'm not a chemist, so I need a real
chemist to read it to evaluate it.



Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenence

Philosophy and Cognitive Psychology

Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenence: What is it really about?


Neoplatonism, Transcendental Meditation, New Age Mysticism, Plotinus, Christianity, Sam Harris.

The Nature of Mysticism in Philosophy, Religion, and Science.

The Truth Is Always Rational.

My claim is that it is necessary to hold to this principle in order to avoid contradiction in one's thinking.

Random and near-random processes.

I began my inquiry being interested in sources of random and near-random processes or signals for their
possible practical means to generate random events for computer modeling or random-number generators.
But the discussion ended up in the philosophical, in the middle ground between determinism and randomness.
And finally, we ask the probing question if wind chimes can be used to generate a random number sequence.


Is 'Choosing Arbitrarily' a self-contradictory notion?


The Free-Will Problem

The Problem of Determination vs Freewill with AI. John holds to two conflicting beliefs. Can the
chatbots figure out how badly John is conflicted?

Intuition + experience

Bayesian priors and educated intuition.



Economics and Finance

Physics and Currency Exchange Rates Problem

ChatGPT 3.5 tries to explain to me the complicated world of monetary exchange rates
and arbitrage.

The AGIE Report

I could use a report that tells me the agriculture, economics, industries, and geography of a region. It should include: 1) population (and how it's trending), 2) GDP (if available), 3) natural resources, and 4) Economic Outlook Index. Who wants to champion this cause?

Capitalism Capital Gains Tax and Copper Investments



Education, Academia, Universities

Colorado School of Mines

Have you ever heard of this university of higher education? Maybe it should rebrand itself for the 21st century.

Overthhinking and Underachieving

Some tips on good problem solving.

Praise for Scatch Paper

How academia is more dependent on the humble scratch paper than it gets credit for.



Entertainment

Zorba's Dance, Edelweiss, and the Right Attitude

Two Hollywood movies, two songs, two countiries of Greece and Austria, followed by
some rules to live by and wisdom from Robert Pirsig.

The "Primer" of Contact

Dr. Arroway (Jodie Foster) kept saying she needed a "primer" to decode the Vegan message.

Gratuitous Bitching About Bad or Worst Actors

Negative Gaslighting from Actors and Directors.

Galaxy Quest to The Magnificent 7

A comparison theme: a group of has-beens that make a comeback after a daring
and dangerous voluntary mission.


Fiction and Non-fiction writing, Sci-fi analysis

What is Creative Nonfiction?

Simply told, they are "true stories, well told." (Gutkind)

What is literary fiction?

Examining and re-examining the term in the modern world.

Virginia Woolf, Edward Albee, Charles Dickens, Robert Pirsig, and Solomon

--- existential crisis, dissociative fugue: the search for identity and meaning.

The 'Dead Earth' Sci-fi Trope Examined: Is there something better?


Navigating the work world

Copilot on Toxic American Corporate Culture

Why it's so hard to reform itself.



Ecology Recycling, and green chemistry.

Spare the Nitrate and Spoil the City.
Iowa's love-hate relationship with nitrate fertilizer
and its runoff problems.

The Challenges of Municipal Recycling.

A Better Job at Recycling Aluminum.

Norway's Hydro company is showing us a better way to do this.

My chat with Copilot

about sequestering CO2 from burning waste by photosynthesis.

Various uses of artificial sand.

My chat with Copilot on recycling resources

AI used to identify potentally toxic chemicals.

Green chemistry.

Recycling Old Medications.

Keeping the water supply clean.

My chat with Copilot on the uses and mysteries of boron, and the need to recycle it.


Weather and Atmospherics

Why are most UV alerts in the afternoon rather than in the morning?



English Grammar

An arcane English grammar rule. English grammar can be subtle, even to those
who have studied it a long time.

The true semantics of the word "option"

seems to lie one layer beneath the obvious. A bit of 'Einsteinian"
thinking comes to the rescue.



Health & Medical, Mental Health, and Accident Prevention

What is AI Psychosis?

I approach the question from epistemology, while Copilot from psychiatry.

ER Differences Among Hospitals

The Pitt vs your average hospital ERD. Extra: How wars benefit surgery and other medical procedures.

Peroxide, Alcohol, or Honey to Treat Wounds? What's best practice these days?

Half-Lives of drugs in the body.

The mathematics of how the body removes the drugs that get into it. (SymPy graphic included.)

Types of Surgical Specialties.

More Training for ER Residents?

Medical_Students_Residents, attendings, and all that.

If you're watching The Pitt or some other TV medical program, this might be useful.

Food poisoning in humans and dogs

Which specie gets the theobromine?

Safely storing condiments and food additives in the home.

The shelf or the frig?

Avian Flu in Humans and N95 Mask

Means of transmission of avian flu to humans and some means to help prevent that happening.

Death by stray electrical current

This can happen in water near a dock. Is it mysterious or even real?

Losing my friends to unexplained personality changes.

Some people I have known for a long time have had severe personality changes that I cannot understand.

Probiotics for Antibiotic Patients.

Should someone tell them?

Probiotics, Antibiotics, and Dysbiosis

More to the story.

Brucellosis in people and livestock.

In pets too.

Glutamic acid and nootropic drugs.

Supplements for brain health.

Nocebo effect.

This is the opposite of the placebo effect.

Nursing Interventions for Kidney Stones.

Fried Rice Syndrome

Takeout food (and other foods) that contains rice may cause you trouble if not refrigerated properly
and reheated properly before eating again.

Lyme Disease

Lyme Disease is a multifaceted serious disease caused by the bite of a tick.

Probiotics General Information

A claimed health benefit, but which product to purchase?

Is Lectin Safe?

Lectin can be safe or not, depending on how the food is prepared (mostly cooking) and by the
sensitivites of the consumers. Some lectins are called "antinutrients." There is a lot of nutritional
information in this article.

Mental burnout affects the brain

--- not just the mind!

What is the Miller-Fisher Syndrome

--- It can happen after just a cold or flu!



Cooking

Pressure Cookers in America.

To use or not to use?



Every Day Stuff

What Is a Ghost Town

Have you ever tried to define the term?



History

Rabaul and Stalingrad Were Fatal Prestige Fortresses

I suppose that Hitler and the Japanese militarists started their wars based on what can only be called "magical thinking."

War Movies As History

In particular, WWI and WWII: a 'good' war movie, what is an antiwar war movie?.

The Fate of the Japanese Emperor.

Post-war prosection? Why or why not? The Bigger Picture.

The Allies Launched Market Garden in the fall of 1944.

What went wrong? There were good reasons to go ahead with Market Garden.

The German Blitzkrieg of WW2 was a Lightning War, Right?

Mostly, I suppose, but what about the so-called Blitz over England?

Speculations on Atlantis, Sea Peoples, Plato, Egyptian Esoterica.

If Plato was sincere about Atlantis, there are a few unanswered questions that need answers.

California Indian-Settler wars.

Why were they so much less prevalent than those of the Plains Indians and the Indian uprisings of Arizona?

Did Native Americans invent the wooden flute?

We investigate the claim for the Plains Indians and the Pueblo Indians of Arizona.

What's the difference between history and prehistory?

Copilot wants us to know.



LLM Humor

Copilot goes sarcastic

after hearing of my complaint that coffee makers are sometimes over-engineered.



Chess

The Ongoing Scandal In Competition Chess
My chat with Copilot.

Copilot Comments on My Leela Essay

Stockfish vs Leela: CPU vs GPU

Can we refer to neuro-net chess engines as displaying talent,
though brute-force engines are merely skillful? What does
Copilot think on this?


Christianity, Religion, and Esotericism

Religion, Metaphysics, Harry Potter, Quantum Mechanics (unitarity=information freeze), Doctor Who (Pyramids of Mars), Eternal Consciousness (maybe), Egyptian Book of the Dead

.

Persian Empire, Nehemiah, Alexander the Great, Babylon

From Babel To Revelation's Babylon. How Babylon, the Persian Empire, and Susa (ancient Iran) interacted.

The Sin of Presumption: An updated definition?

The different leadership styles of King Saul verses David. What did God have to say about them?

The Story of Abram in Genesis 14.

Why did the King of Sodom offer gifts to Abraham?

Simon the Canaanite, the Apostle, AKA Simon the Zealot. What's up with those names?

Neoplatonism, Transcendental Meditation, New Age Mysticism, Plotinus, Christianity, and Sam Harris.

The Occult Hero Worship of Biblical Solomon.

The Hebrew written language changed, Aramaic influence

Between the First and Second Temple periods, the written Hebrew language changed,
largely due to Aramaic influence from the Neo-Assyrian, Persian, and Babylonians
governments and cultures.

Samaria in Israel

Why did Samaria stand out as an oddball province in Israel during the time of Jesus?
Neo-Assyrian, Babylonians, Jewish Hasmonean rulers, Jesus and the woman at the well."

The Prophet Amos, Mysteries of the Universe, The Outer Limits

An example of science in the Bible, and why the unbelievers can miss God, though He is
ever-present to each of us. (How much do we really want to connect with God?)

Jesus as a Dark Horse

I asked ChatGPT 3.5 and Copilot to speculate on the possible mysterious physical origin of the
Christ. I call this speculation the "Dark-Horse Hypothesis of Christ."
Other content: esoterica, Melchizedek.

Arguments Against the Bible: Hittiteisms.

I define the term 'Hittiteism' to mean "a proposed proof that some aspect of the Bible can't be correct,
because of some alleged undeniable historic, scientific, and/or philosophic argument."

I asked BingChat to comment on company loyalty for a Christian.

I found its answer remarkably scriptural. Still, the ethics of 'company loyalty' is a gray area to me.

I asked Copilot to help me understand why the End-Time government is referred to as 'Babylon'.

It was helpful, though I end up with no definitive answer.

I again asked Copilot to help me understand why the End-Time government is referred to as 'Babylon'.

I think that this time we came up with the definitive answer, at least for myself.

Who Wrote the Book of Hebrews in the Bible?

Some say Paul, some say Luke. No attribution was on the document.

Fatal Wounds to Their Necks (?).

The subtle parallel of Christ as sacrificial lamb, yet risen, and of Antichrist's mortal head wound, yet he survived, is explored.

Jesus' Birth Parallels Adam.

According to Genesis 2:7, God made the body of the First Adam out of the earth, with no earthly father involved. And Luke called the First Adam the Son of God (Luke 3:38). Jesus, the Ultimate Son of God, and the Last Adam, was made (bodily) of earth in the womb of his mother Mary (as the body of Mary was ultimately a product of earthly materials), and with no human father. So, the naysayers against the Bible may well say that Christians teach the 'myth' of the virign conception of Christ as an unproved miracle, but that belittles or ignores the intellectual reality that this sharp parallel between the 'conception' of Adam and the conception of Christ was mysteriously arranged by such disparate Bible figures as Moses (Genesis), Luke (Book of Luke), and Paul (1 Corinthians). So, how were they able to collude to produce this fascinating (and unobvious) Bible parallel?

The Nature of Mysticism in Philosophy, Religion, and Science.